Timbers of Kerala

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Scientific Name  Nauclea diderrichii Merrill.
Trade Name  Kusia
Local Name  Opepe,Kusiaba(Ghana),Badi(Ivory coast),Bilinga(Cameroon)
Family  Rubiaceae
Tree Size  Large
Tree Height ( m )  50
Tree Diameter ( cm )  150
Tree Distribution  Tropical Africa
Sapwood-Heartwood Distinction  Distinct
Sapwood Colour  White or pale yellow
Heartwood Colour  Yellow or orange yellow
Hardness  Moderately hard
Specific Gravity Based on Weight Over-dry and Volume Green  0.63
Weight  Moderately heavy.
Weight(Kg)/cubic meter at 12% Moisture Content 
Texture  Medium coarse texture.
Grain  Interlocked or irregular grain
Growth Rings  Absent
Porosity  Diffuse porous
Vessel Size  Exclusively solitary,medium-sized, faintly visible to naked eye, but clearly seen under a hand lens
Vessel Arrangement  Vessels of two different sizes
Vessel Diameter   145 - 260 180
Vessel Element Lenght  385 - 790 790
Perforation  Simple
Pit Outline  Polygonal
Pit Size  Small( 3-4 µm),vestured.
Vessel Ray Pitting  Alternate and pit outline polygonal
Ray Nature  Fine to moderately broad.
Ray Arrangement/Type  One to three cells wide; heterogeneous type-I; uniseriate rays made up of square or upright cells; multiseriate rays with over four or more rows of upright cells
Ray Number  14 - 16
Ray Height  300 - 900 710
Fibre Walls  Thin to thick walled.Non-septate
Fiber Length 
Modulus of Rupture in kg/cm2 (Green) 
Modulus of Elasticity in kg/cm2 (Green) 
Modulus of Rupture kg/cm2 (Dry) 
Modulus of Elasticity in kg/cm2 (Dry) 
Uses  General construction and for making attractive floorings, piling, wharf and jetty decking and other docks and marine works, piles & posts, joinery & interior fittings.
  • Tree Image
  • Timber Gross View
  • TS (100X)
  • TLS(100X)
  • RLS(100X)


College of Forestry - KAU